2012/06/03

Dark Chocolate Mint Cookies


I wanted to make some unique cookies for a wedding I recently attended.  I started with this Martha Stewart recipe, but I just made the cookie part.

1 cup Dark Cocoa Powder
0.5 cup + 2 tbsp All Purpose Flour
0.5 cup Unsalted Butter
0.5 cup granulated sugar
1 egg

To that recipe, I added:
Andes mint chips (about 1/4 cup)
Instant coffee (about 1 tbsp)
Cinnamon (about 1/2 tsp)

I also baked them longer than the recipe suggests- maybe 15 -20 mins and skiped the refridgerator step.

Then, I melted chocolate chips on lowest setting of my range (a double broiler would probably have been best), constantly stirring, and very slowly I mixed in water and about 1tsp of oil until it was a fluid.  Finally, I dipped into the melted chocolate the tops of the cookies.

They ended up quite tasty!

2012/04/27

Dear Ada,


Thank you.

Thank you for all of your lessons and support.  

Thank you for your example of strength and fortitude.

Thank you for nurturing thought and curiosity in my much younger self.

Thank you for hours and hours over days and weeks and years when I was laying on your bed or sitting in your living room or in your old kitchen, talking about life, jobs, boys, school, science, politics, the world, the universe, and all the maybes and somedays.

Thank you for all your tips and tricks for relationships and guys.
 

Thank you for knowing when a guy was bad for me, and letting me make my own mistakes.

Thank you for tips on nail polish, bras, and knowing which part of an outfit to spend money on, and which to buy cheap.

Thank you for throwing your fist in the air and silently yelling "yes!" when I was now pronounced wife to a man.
 

Thank you for talking me out of wearing that dress that I really wanted when I was 14- That one with the yellow flowers that was totally adorable on the hanger, but looked just awful on me.
 

Thank you for being the person who, when my mother and I would disagree, we could go to for a final judgement.

Thank you for being very kind, while being very direct.  I strive to be like you on this in all of my encounters.

Thank you for telling stories about you and your sister as you grew up together, and the way you thought about, and so very admired her.  I remember thinking with wide eyes about all the times that Katie and I would have like yours and how wonderful it would be to go through life with someone like that.  It has been, is, and I expect will continue being everything you set it up to be.

Thank you for treating me like I was something special.  I remember when you were first back visiting school after the accident. I was nervous to bother you, because so many people wanted to see you, but when I poked my 11-year-old head into the teachers' lounge, you stopped your stories to the masses gathered around you, and yelled for me to come sit on your lap and chat about my day.

Thank you for being an imperfect person, and acknowledging that this is okay, as long as we try to do better.  Thank you for forgiving me my weaknesses.

Thank you for always having the interest and engagement in my thoughts, opinions, and stories that most other adults would never have, and for that continued interest once I was grown.

Thank you for times when it was just us two.  And all that you told me.  And how I saw things in such a different way, given your input.  And how I always felt ready to conquer the world after.

Thank you for making a 10-year-old me, who took soooo long to write words down and had given up, pick my paper up out of the trash and finish it, because you knew it was going to win writing awards.

Thank you for telling me that it was simply necessary because it was a story worth finishing.

Thank you for listening about the story I'm writing now, just for fun, and for telling me that this, too, is a story worth finishing, and that other people need to read it.

Thank you for the amazing look in your eyes when I told you about something I was working on or happy about.  I hope I never forget that face.

Thank you for the way you put your hand over your mouth when I told you something I was worried about.

Thank you being the type of thinker to make me constantly consider "What would Ada have to say about this?"

Thank you for calling me your second daughter.

Thank you for rescuing my dress a week before my wedding, when it was 3 sizes too big.

Thank you for being someone my mother could joke with every 45 minutes and call with her crises.
 

Thank you for your sweet daughter, who I'm lucky to call my best friend.  In her, your kind heart beats on.

I think of you every day.

To my teacher, my friend, and my greatest mentor:
God bless and good travels until we meet again.


2012/04/25

[Seminar] Drug Delivery Stratagies in Immunology Notes


Immunology and pharmaceutics meet here, looking at two primary topics: Transplantation and Cancer.

Transplantation - need to lower immune response to tolerate organ
Cancer - The immunosome is important in checking against cancer cells.  This can be observed when the loss of functional t cells in aids leads to more cancer

Focus on Cancer:
Look at using oligonucleotides, polymeric particles, antibodies, and injectable films

A tumor starts out as uncontrolled cell growth, but once it picks up a mutation that allows for a phenotype that moves to other tissues, it is malignant.
Most standard therapy- non-specific actions- kill cells that are proliferating.  Very toxic.

20 years ago- idea- exploit immune system to kill cancer cells when at low numbers.
Maybe activate to a greater extent (like a vaccine, but not preventive so much as curative)
Called "cancer vaccines" (misnomer)
Results are really disappointing.  Tumors survive though increased immune response is detected.
Disconnect here.
Last 8-10 years- deconstruct to find problem.

Ideas:
Immunology of cancer.  Active # of helper t cells responding to tumor.  Tumor is not a passive bunch of cells waiting to die.  Especially (epithelial cancers), turn t-cell to regulatory-t cells for their own use and protection.  Helper- INF-GAMMA Regulatory- FOXP3

Turn back to anti-cancer phenotype?
FOXP3 If you shut down, turn back into helper t cells.
T cells already localized, now.  This is very specific to hit the tumor.

New drugs in the post-genomic era:
  • Monoclonal antibodies Fc fusion proteins
  • Antisense oligonucleotides
  • Small interference RNA siRNA
20% drugs now are biologics, not drug discovery

Trying to get a molecule to be a drug- delivery is rate limiting step.
Ideal drug therapy- optimal spatiotemporal pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
Get the right drug to the right place at the right time.
Biologics inherent instability is major barrier.  Need hours-days. Less than that not useful.  Get to tumor, but also inside it!
Use endosome for endocyosis, macropinocytosis, etc...
Needs to get outside the endosome.

Strategy
Make RNA molecules compact and neutralize charge.
Synthetic polymers for nucleic acid delivery- good in dish- not in vivo, because proteins in  living system compete against the complex, which dissociates back to original product.
Polyester-polycation hybrid carriers
Complex to a particle, can get substantial advantage in terms of stability.
Use with siRNA to shut down FoxP3- this group did.
How is it in a dish? T-cells will pick up these particles (important because t-cells don't pick up that much like macrophages or dendrocites)

Results
Tumor in mouse, injection, looking for delay in tumor growth.
Decreased Foxp3, but didn't much to cancer growth.  Ahh! Disaster.

Considerations for Improvement
Maybe not getting to right place?
Inject directly into the tumor.
Need to ensure endosome escape is possible.   Histadines as buffer.  More water in with buffers, more burst, payload release- need more histadine buffer.
Maybe use different types siRNA, maybe use more, etc, maybe didn't think about getting it at the right time.
Particles stay around for some time- a day or less.  T-cells move around.  Most other cells stay in one place.  Tumors change t-cells, but then they come and go throuh lymph system.  Dont spend a whole lot of time in the tumor. 
If we can trap t-cells- better chance to change.
Reverse drug delivery.

Solution Applied
Platform
Probability for connection with RNA loaded particle, and target t-cell low with moving target.   Need a trap!
Ab to surface marker on t-cell.  Anti-H6 ab h6 domain.
What is both injectable and can be used as a trap?
20 years ago, distinct --++ charge zuoin, a putative z-dna binding protein in saccharomyces cerevisiae
EAK: a stimuli-response gelling material.
Soluble in water.  Sodium and potassium- stack beta sheetss-fibers-crosslinnked network-membrane-like structure.
Could be platform for trap. 

Specificity
Problem is how to get t-cells (only) to stick.
Functionalize EAK film with his-tag.
This changes conformation from bsheet to ahelix, no sheet anymore.  Mix original and his tag at 4:1- can get his tag into cross linked network.
Can line up when packing sheets such that his tag sticks out on the end.
Are these two peptides really integrated or non-specifically adsorbed- will leave first chance it gets.
Evidence of integration Chem signature and conformational change.  Peroxidase with Ni (binds his), proof of accessible his tag.

Results AgainCan last at least 7 days.
Add antiH6-IgG-something-something- IgG
Can clustered ab bind antigens?
Yes,  remain functional - paper
Does it work in a living system?
An injectable system to concentrate antibodies in small murine footpad tumors. 
By 72 hours its gone normally, but still high in animal with this system.
Difficult because tumors have high interstitial pressure.
Using these hooked up to FAP fluorogen activating signal.  Flouescent once they get into binding groove.


These are notes from a talk given by Dr. Wilson S Meng on April 20, 2012 at Duquesne University, and my own thoughts, comments, and connections while listening. Some notes may be inaccurate and/or misspelled.

2012/04/14

Me and My Friend Jack, Better Known as The Western Psych Shooter

Jack Shick August 26, 2011
Fair Warning:
This is nothing more than a very long, disorganized, and probably not-worth-reading ramble of my experience with Jack and my thoughts, compiled because I'm a think-reflect-takeaway person moreso than a feel-emote-ick person.  Also, if anything I write makes me a bad person, well, I thought it long before I wrote it, so I already was anyway.

The Beginning

Arriving two days into the training week for new graduate students, one of my co-workers ducked into my lab.  "Have you heard about Jack?" Her eyes were wide, a common thing for this very expressive friend of mine, but this look would be mirrored again and again on the faces of other students throughout the day as they told me stories of this new and odd student.  I soon learned all about the first days of this guy who had yelled at one of our beloved office assistants and the supervisor of our teaching assignment.  He had not focused on the task at hand during training times and had even prepared a presentation on the wrong topic.  I didn't meet him, as I was busy catching up on work, but the next day I was excited to find that we would be teaching together.  I now had a new and (very) different person to meet and probably a few challenges to keep me on my toes and thinking outside the box. 

I still hadn't met Jack when I sat down for our first pre-teaching meeting.  He came in late and scribbled on blank pages, obviously lacking the papers he should have had with him.  I had brought far too many of our print-outs, so I used passing him a set as an excuse to turn around and get a look.  Underwhelmed by his seeming average-ness, I focused on the meeting until we had a break.  I introduced myself as his teaching partner, and handed him a pack of stickers for grading.  He thanked me and drew a dot on an index card.  He held it up, gesturing to the dot with his pencil, "Do you understand the difference between accuracy and precision?"  I said, "Of course," and he explained that precision is very important to his understanding in interactions.  I told him I could work with that and he suggested that I follow our conversations with a summative email to ensure communication is clear.  We agreed that I'd teach the first class, and that over the weekend we would meet to look at my lecture.

Working

Before our first class together, since he had yelled at two individuals before, I sat down with him and explained that students can be rude and ignorant and if he ever felt like he needed to walk out of the room and take a minute, that he should just let me know and go ahead.  I told him that, while it was important not to raise his voice to or in front of the students, if he needed to yell at someone that he was welcome to yell at me after class. My feelings wouldn't be hurt, and I would not be angry with him. (I'm pretty sure he never did yell at anyone besides me after this point)  We sat down over my lecture slides, and I explained my choices in images and examples to give him a starting point for the next week. He liked my choices and appreciated my reasoning behind them.

The first class went well.  With a previous co-teacher, I had to follow throughout the lab to re-answer all the questions he had answered, which I was thrilled to not have to do this class.  He was fine with the students, and I reported this to all (and their were quite a few) who asked.  The second class was a simple one that he taught the material for, and while not spectacular, it is wasn't particularly horrible.  The third class, I noticed some of his answered questions needed re-answering (the class was becoming more difficult), as he tended to provide answers that, while correct, were certainly over a freshman's head.  The next class, he taught, and it was an absolute disaster. I knew students hadn't learned, and were going to complain.  Things just went downhill from here.  

I met with various individuals in positions to help out, but his teaching was ineffective, and the students were suffering.  After a couple of attempts at helping him improve failed (over the first month of classes he would happily take advice and discuss concerns with me, but after a certain point he stopped), I began documenting the unacceptable behavior as I had been asked to do.  

No reason to be afraid.  No reason not to be prepared.

For some context: When I was young, for reasons not pertinent to the story at hand, I slept with a T-ball bat, and my mother with a baseball bat.  I was quizzed on procedure and alternate plans if "bad people" came into our house at night.  As an adult, I've been close to chronic violence and I've shared the occasional meal (and likely ride) with former violent criminals. I've had more than a decade of martial arts training and studied books from the oeuvre of "The Gift of Fear" and "Telling Lies."  Like many people, when I sit down to eat, I try to take the seat that allows the greatest field of vision and I take note of an exit route or two and a ducking spot.  My small battery of background in this area has suggested to me me, more than anything, to always have a plan or three, because at the end of a violent day you can't know enough, though, really, often it doesn't matter if you know anything.

Not once did Jack ever do or say anything threatening to me or the students, but being a planner, I have always had a unique procedure for a given class, were there to be a school shooting or similar emergency.  (Duquesne has had one before)  This year, maybe because I was subconsciously concerned about Jack once he was let go, but most likely because the popularity of discussing the Zombie Apocalypse made it convenient, I let a small handful of students know (in an emergency, we'd need more than just me), that in the case of a Zombie Apocalypse, they'd be one of the people I depended on.  I told the key couple what role I'd need them to play and asked if they could handle it.  Though it was in a joking manner, these are kids who didn't laughingly agree, but stopped, contemplated the situation, discussed better possibilities and costs versus gains, picturing the scene and how to best respond.  That's why I had chosen those students.

Friendship

After our first class, we went to lunch at Subway.  I told him about my home, my family, and schools I'd attended.  He told me about his schools and living in New York and that he preferred not to talk about his parents, but that he was an only child, too.  Both former chemists in a biology program, we talked about our interests and worked through some derivation problems in our heads.  I think he was qualifying me for friendship with this, and I was happy to play along.   Eating with Jack became a fairly regular thing as did driving him home in the evenings. 

We told stories of childhood, stories of college, and he did start telling me stories that mentioned his family, but stayed largely away from the topic.  We talked about our favorite and least favorite teachers throughout life.  In middle school one of his teachers yelled at him because he set his books down too hard on the desk, and that stuck with him.  We talked about awkward college experiences.  At Carleton College, when his alarm went off while he was out of the room, his resident assistant had allowed a neighbor to go in and swing the clock around the room, breaking things. (Speaking as a former RA- the abandoned alarm is an obnoxious, but regular, singer in the dorms that only warrants a note be written. And usually another note.  And another.) He actually shared this at my telling a humorous story of nearly being locked in Western Psych during an RA obligation due to a very short-lived mistaken identity. (That story is for another day) He was very against treating children with psych drugs (he was very passionate about this) and very much against labels.  We'd both been to the same area of Guatemala and we shared those experience. We talked about our beliefs and religion.  I forget what he was originally...Presbyterian?  But at the time, he was converting to Catholicism.

We also talked about the future.  Jack wanted to see China and had started studying some Mandarin.  When I told him that I had studied abroad there, he broke into some simple phrases, and I reciprocated.  Jack was uncomfortable with trying to predict too far ahead what he wanted to work on.  He said that because his background didn't include much biology, that he still had a lot to learn this year before really knowing that.  He liked the idea of a family, but said that he'd need a wife to have kids and a girlfriend to become a wife, and that he didn't expect a girlfriend any time soon as he had never really had one.  Jack was worried that he was getting older and that by the time he was in a situation to have kids, his age would increase their risk of certain serious diseases.  He didn't want to subject a child to that kind of life.  I had similar concerns (these risks are even higher for women).

We graded papers together and prepared for the lab that we taught.  One evening, when the usual spots were crowded with undergrads on one end, and grad students who weren't very nice to Jack on the other, we decided to go to his apartment.  On our way, he said that maybe we shouldn't (I'm a happily married woman, and he had no roommate), but then asked me if I thought it was okay.  I told him that we could find some other place if he was afraid I'd cut him up into little pieces, but we didn't have much to do so it wasn't like I'd be there long.  His apartment was clean, but not neat.  He had some interesting items from previous travels and a few cool things he'd picked up along the way.  There were a lot of books and papers (typical grad student) and we sat at his table, did the under 20 minutes of work, chatted a bit, and I left.

Usually, Jack and I had lunch and/or dinner alone, but a couple times he ate with me and my friends.  He had a tendency to only discuss molecular biology throughout the conversation and to try to move the topic back every time it strayed.  Since we ate, breathed, and slept this stuff, we all kind of looked forward to lunch as a break.  A few days later, I asked Jack to dinner with us (my friends were very Jack-tolerant and I had obtained their pre-approval for this).  He was happy at the invitation, and I sat down next to him as he collected his many belongings.  "Jack," I looked up at him and touched his arm at the elbow to make this seem like a gentle suggestion instead of a criticism (something that was very important as he took criticism very hard), "Since we do science nearly 24/7, during the few breaks that we have like lunch and dinner, we try to lay off the shop talk.  Would you mind helping us with that?"  He sat his bags down on the floor and thought for a minute.  "Maybe next time.  I need to watch some TV or Movies first."  I had to suppress a smile that he wanted to do prep work, but I told him that was fine and that I'd see him later.

"Smile," Jack would often say to people who looked serious.  He commented regularly that he liked people's smiles.  When I was alone with Jack, he was very very different from when we were with other people.  With others, he seemed on edge or faking “casual”.  He didn't maintain eye contact well.  He seemed scattered and skittery.  His statements were often without basis or flow and were confusing.  He also had a very uncomfortable expression that he made (see picture above) when he was feigning interest.  When it was just us, he was a relaxed person unless it was an exciting part of the story he was telling or we were leaning over some nerdy goodness scribbling across the sheet.  He was engaged, and instead of awkwardly feigning interest when I'd hit a topic he was bored with, he'd simply say, "I have no interest in that," and I'd move on.  I found this directness refreshing.  I enjoyed talking about science and the world with him.  Other people's lives bored him, but that was fine.  I could talk about people stuff with anyone else in the world.  He challenged me to think.  He challenged me to really defend my positions and methods. He had a very nice smile and a warm laugh that I never saw and heard when other people were around.  Maybe he was just better with people one-on-one. 

Jack had trouble understanding appropriate behavior.  Early on he asked me to let him know if others didn't like anything he did.  I told him immediately not to yell at people besides me as he had done the first week, and let him know other things as I found them out. When I saw an email he was writing to one of our supervisors, I asked if he minded that I suggest different wording to avoid sounding rude.  After that, he asked me to help write and revise a number of his emails.  He recognized that he didn't always know what made people mad, and was glad to have my help.   When he was confused as to why the others might suspect something that he said wasn't true, I pointed out that when he visited he was "John from Oregon" and that when he started in the fall, he was "Jack from New York."  Other students in the department had made fun of this and referred to him as John-Jack or Jack-John the first week behind his back and ultimately started calling him JJ when he wasn't around.  Stay classy, folks.  (The undergrads called him "Fanny Pack Jack" because he always wore one) He explained that he was visiting from where he had been living in Oregon, but that he was from school in New York, and that Jack was a nickname for John.   I asked him if he'd explained this to anyone when he first arrived with a different name and location. He said that he didn't think people would have any interest in that information.

For an example of how his mind worked when we discussed these issues, I'll give a detailed description of an amicable discussion we had once.  After a couple of weeks, I heard that he'd been emailing a female student regularly about going to get lunch or study together.  He had been making this request of many people, including guys, and couples.  He was trying to connect, but he had a crush on this girl and was going overboard.  When I explained that he was making people uncomfortable, he looked perplexed and said something to the effect of, "I'm certain that people ask their co-workers to lunch and their classmates to study.  Isn't that what I'm doing?"  I explained that, if turned down the first time, one shouldn't push for it.  He suggested that he may be turned down or ignored for a legitimate reason, like an unavoidable commitment or not receiving the email in time.  I agreed that this was a possibility and suggested that, statistically, the likelihood of that being the case went down with each request.  He suggested that this wasn't true- if she is busy during a particular number of lunches, x, over a given number of total lunches, y, then each time he asked her out, the probability that she was free was (y-x)/y.  I agreed that when predicting one future outcome based on her actual schedule, this was true, but that we were not predicting what will happen next time, yet, and that I'm questioning the assumption that the response is based on real excuses.  We are considering the probability that she has had a good reason to ignore or turn down the invitation some large number, n times, in a row.  This means that we have to find probability, p, that p=[(y-x)/y]^n, so p decreases as n increases (just trust me that this is meaningful to some of us nerds). Given the law of large numbers, yes, this is possible, but it is certainly not probable.  Think Occam's razor.  To this he said something to the effect of, "Tomorrow, I'll ask a different girl to lunch."  I took a breath (my applied mathematics is rusty, so I was happy to escape the stats before messing up), and explained that because he's asked many people (mostly girls-because our department is mostly girls) in a short time, then one person many many times over a while, other students had talked about it in a very negative way and would be unlikely to say yes, but quite likely to be pushed (depending on which person it was) into making a formal complaint.  I told him that it would not be good for him, socially to continue this behavior.  He wasn't sure about this, so I told him that while I recognized that he was the superior chemist between us, I was quite good at reading people (a relative statement), and that it may be useful to consider me the Jennifer and Jack Team Expert on the subject.  He agreed, and stopped the invitations.  [Wow, it was difficult putting all those pieces back together.  Something may be out of order, but I think that is all we hit on and this is the logical order, so it is probably close if not accurate to our original talk.]  This lasted until we were no longer really friends.

As for other people, there were a handful of us trying to help support Jack, but every time he overheard others making jokes at his expense and every time that someone lost patience with him (I was definitely guilty of this a couple of times), he became more and more defensive and reached out for help less and less.  He withdrew farther into his own head and shared less of himself.  We had a couple of frank conversations, which were obviously very difficult for him, but he allowed them because he was trying very hard to change his natural tendencies to fit with the social norms.  He was mostly worried about making people mad, but the one time that I suggested that a couple of people were nervous around him, he was completely baffled and very hurt.  He only mentioned one person by name who was mean to him, and his primary focus was, “What did I do to her to make her be so mean?” 

I want to be clear: I understand the need to say, "Hey, this is life and this bit and that bit are kind of ridiculous," and to laugh.  I did and do it, myself.  But there is a line between this behavior and that of judgement, prejudice, and malice.  Some (not all!) were truly being malicious and having no regard for feelings of someone who is trying very hard to be more like them.  I'm not naive.  I understand that people who are different are often treated badly, but when those you think are above that behavior disappoint you, it brings the collective failing into greater relief.

Finally, one person, who took offense to something he had said, stood in front of much of the department, screaming at him viciously.  Don't get me wrong- I'm sure that whatever Jack said to him was horribly offensive (he didn't know what it was that was so bad and the possibilities he listed to me couldn't have been it). He was often horribly offensive to good people who were just doing their jobs and sometimes even trying to help him, but as his constant worry about making people mad indicates, he really didn't understand what those things were and how to avoid them.  Anyway, I'm sure what he said was just awful, but this public and prolonged display of intense anger by the other was really really bad.  He sat there quietly blinking at the other man's rage until a neutral party pulled the yeller around one corner, I went to Jack and asked if he was okay.  He said that he was and accepted my offer to drive him home.  This was the first bad time.  On the way to his place, he became quite upset with the whole situation.  I tried to say reassuring things, but when he became a little ridiculous with his aggravation at others' behavior toward him, I pointed out that there were some things that he did to make those others react badly.  This was a mistake on my part because he was already so much on the defensive.  He told me to let him out of the car.  I told him that it wasn't safe where we were and not to worry, that I wouldn't speak the rest of the way.  When I dropped him off, I told him I was sorry to upset him further.  I emailed (or texted?) him a follow-up on that and asked if he was still mad at me.  He said "Don't be silly," but Monday at work, while he didn't seem angry, he acted totally different.  Once again I asked if he was mad and he said, "That's a stupid question," in a harsh tone.  From then on I was other people to him and he was only slightly and rarely the Jack I'd spent time with before. 

The last 3(?) weeks were very different.

The following day, we had planned that I would help him organize his lecture for the week to come.  Remember than criticism was very difficult for him to process without becoming deeply offended and going on the offensive.  I asked if I could look at his slides and maybe we could talk about them, and he tried to put it off, but ultimately agreed.  He took out his computer and opened it, starting it up.  I noticed that his hands were shaking severely, making this task difficult, and he stared heavily at the keys and asked me when I graduated from a school that he knew I didn’t go to.  Very confused, I said that I hadn’t gone to random-prestigious-school, but to the ones that we had talked at length about in the past.  He said, "Oh, you're a liar and I don't want to work with a liar," shut down his computer, and stormed off.  When instructed to work with me on his lecture by the boss, he asked for proof behind every change.  (Paraphrased) "How do you know our freshman biology students don't understand calculus-based physics?  Prove it."  I couldn't get through.  He was angry and yelling, but as submissive about it as my smaller dog is when he grumbles while my bigger dog takes his toys.  Ultimately he said very gently, “I don't like to fight, so I'm going to leave,” and did.  He emailed me minutes after, thanking me for being so calm.  There were little good conversations here and there (usually about research) and bad conversations (usually about teaching - he had been relieved of that duty and had to get me all his graded and ungraded papers).   He began to need all work discussions of ours (who grades what, etc) to be approved by one of our bosses.  He un-took all the advice I had given him, and resumed pursuing one crush, then another, bringing up marriage, then another, telling her he loved her.  When I checked on him, since the day he was screamed at, he always told me he was fine, where previously he had told me what was actually going on.  Once he did ask for help and I did what he wanted (send a copy of my powerpoint to someone).  Eventually, he was dismissed.  He sent an email to all of the department, and two other departments (with private emails from administration left below in the re: re: part of the message), requesting recommendations for another grad school or job.  He was asking what we thought he'd excel in and where, geographically, we'd recommend.  He asked, "how have I failed you that you are afraid to spend time together?" and, "What do each of you want out of life and is there anything I can do help you attain that goal and to encourage you to be happy?"  I responded and was a little harsh, but it was hard truths that he needed to grab hold of to achieve success.

I had one opportunity.  On a day when I was very busy and tired, he requested that we sit down and work out some biology problems together.  I told him I didn't have time.  That was him reaching out and me shutting the door.  I should probably feel guilty about this, but practically, every time he had a problem with me, he'd need this, and either (a) eventually I just couldn't get together with him, producing the same outcome, or (b) we would sit down and do it, but ultimately I'd get something wrong and he'd loose respect for me, anyway.  I tried to send friends of mine in to be the me-replacement once he started treating me like other people, but it didn't work.

Email response near the end of Jack's time at Duquesne
I wanted to text him and ask if he was okay, but, first of all, he probably wouldn't have responded since we weren't exactly bff's at this point, and secondly, he wasn't allowed to contact "girls" in the department, and I was worried that it would be stressful and difficult for him to make the judgement as to whether to answer me or not if he wanted to.
 
Leaving

He was always taking Asprin- a ton of them, which I'm sure made him sick and that he offered to people like chewing gum.  He had told me before that he had some acid-reflux like problem, and was often in a lot of discomfort.  The very patient (and sweet) people that were in his class came to me one day worried about him. He had taken quite a few caffeine pills.  We sat down and calculated how much it would be and it wasn't near overdose levels.  This got worse and worse with time, and toward the end, he would sometimes lay on our couches moaning.

He had been given the semester off of teaching in hopes that he would improve before starting again.  His interactions with people became less and less productive and made over-reaching requests for information, like ring size (at a later point he bought a ring that he was trying to sell to people), someone to read something off the internet and summarize it for him, and he wanted to see my passport and other documents. He had returned to pursuing a couple of the girls in our department and had moved from suggesting lunch and studying to potential marriage subjects and declaring love.

With the girls that he was harassing most, he really lucked out.  They were genuinely good people.  They gave him every opportunity to learn how to behave appropriately.  His contact with them wasn't threatening or sexual, but the frequency, persistence, and depth of one-sided feeling expressed was far beyond inappropriate and unprofessional.   Once it reached this level, it had to be stopped.

Not one day did Jack walk into my presence a dangerous person.  I can't stress this enough.  Serial killers have likely been pre-serial killers most of their lives.  They were dangerous even before killing people- when they were children torturing cats and burning down sheds.  Crimes of passion involve less time- minutes to hours, and these people are fine up until this point, but probably have bad tempers and are quick to anger. Jack was neither of these.  He had a plan and guns.  He probably wasn't dangerous the over-3-months before, when he was at Duquesne (though I wasn't around him the last couple of weeks, so I don't know what he was like then). Jack would have needed weeks to plan this, looking for somewhere to place the blame for the badness in his world. Nobody was around him to see this change and try to pull him back from the edge.  Had he been around somebody, anybody, or a group of people would have been even better, they would have noticed a change.  He would have stopped planning for the future.  He would have been in this mind set- dangerous- for weeks.  He would have been a person in a place to take a life, and there was no one to catch him right then.

I have a lot of frustration with the people who unduly called him dangerous when he wasn't.   He was not a psychopath.  He was not the type for a passion killing.  He would have planned this for weeks.  He would have walked around dangerous and we could have seen it.  The people in his neighborhood did.  We did not.  He was not dangerous when he was with us and I just hope that it wasn't a self-fulfilling prophecy.

The thing about being on the edge of something, is that the other side of the edge- the one you are on at the moment and trying not to leave- is of something else.  I can't help but think if more people were pulling him back that way instead of pushing him the other...

The three arguments we had always involved him lowering his eyes, backing away as he spoke, shoulders hunched, and eventually leaving the situation.  Anyone can be dangerous if put into the right position.  For most of us, the boundaries around those positions are expected and obvious to one another. (i.e. If you become a danger to my god-kids, I will become a danger to you.)  Jack's world was a different place.  And he had trouble making and maintaining connections. Those boundaries for him were undoubtedly different, and there was no way to discern them.  I spent 3 weeks trying to find him again, or help someone else find him, but it was just not an option for him at that point.  Nobody was close enough to understand his behavior.  This is why, once it was clear that he could not let anyone peek in to see where those boundaries might lie, I voiced my position that he should not be in our program and explained this concern to the person who's hands the situation was in at the time.  At some point, he found himself inside those boundaries of badness, and for that, a great many have suffered.  I mourn for the life lost and the terror spread, but I am grateful for the safety of my students and co-workers.

Throughout this time, I was in meetings escalating appropriately for the situation with his teaching at one level a week later at a third party's concern for my safety at another level, and finally, a week later at the concern about ambiguous behavioural boundaries at yet another level.  Before this, his behavior made sense to me, because he could explain himself and we could talk about things, but now the curtain was drawn, and despite our attempts to get him to connect with other people, it just wasn’t happening.

Everything moved at an expected pace, any faster, and it would have been discrimination against him for being weird- any slower and it wouldn’t have been taking care of the other students.  Keep in mind- at no time was Jack aggressive at Duquesne, he never made unwanted physical advances, and he never made threats of violence.  When the Duquesne Police called, because my name ended up on some complaint somewhere (though I didn't have "complaints," I had concerns), I declined to get involved.  I have to give big praise here to the administration of my school.  I always felt supported by the leaders in these roles.  I never felt like I was put in a position that I was uncomfortable with, and I always felt like I knew who to go to with what.

Had he been expelled immediately from Duquesne for being weird, no one would have been with him that whole time and if he had slipped into this state and needed someone to blame, it may very well have been Duquesne.  Had he walked into a gen bio class of 250 students, the injuries and loss in life could have been many times over what it was at Western Psych.

When he left Duquesne, he was applying to other grad schools, considering travel, and generally planning for the future.  When he walked into western psych, he did not have his stuff with him.  He did not have his stuff with him, which if you knew Jack, you know how huge that was.  He did not have his stuff with him- he did not plan to survive that day.  I know he tried to leave out a door to a garage from the news, but who knows- maybe he had an escape route just in case it worked out, maybe he had somewhere else to hit next, but he didn't plan on living.  When he left Duquesne, he was planning on living and he was not dangerous.

Western Psych

It was 3pm Thursday, and leaving from lunch with my cousin, the television alerted me to the shooting.  I said the typical, "Oh goodness," and left, turning on my tablet's police scanner for information.  I'm fairly certain it is illegal to disclose what you've heard over a police scanner, but the most important thing is what I didn't hear.  Since this was more than an hour after the shooting, I had missed the description of the shooter.  If I hadn't, I'd have known: Jack always had a fanny pack and wore two watches (because sometimes he read digital better and other times he read analog better). Soon, the police had switched channels and I thought no more about it besides taking in another oh-so-tastefully worded comment or two about how it might have been Jack.  Note: Every time anyone did anything crazy, someone suggested "It could be Jack!"

Roughly 26 hours after he walked into Western Psych shooting, two of my friends saw a minutes-old news update with his name.  They took the information up the latter and soon my inbox shared the news along with direction not to speak with any reporters. (This restriction was lifted soon after.)

The man that he killed was named Michael Schaab and was 25 years old.  He was a counselor for the elderly and had just gotten engaged.  His sister had been killed violently just 17 months earlier at the age of 26. 

I don't think there are words...

Final Thoughts and Random Bits of Little Things

If asked what phrase Jack said to me most often, it would certainly be, "You're good friend."  I kept telling him that whatever little thing I had just done should be expected of me as a friend, but that I appreciated his appreciation.  Now, I just wish I could go back and shake him a bit and say, "Hey, b-t-dubs, I would still like you (and would actually be more intrigued) if you had happened to have been arrested and/or committed at some point.  In context, I could call Jack on any bullshit he tried to pull.  I had a baseline of him for current thoughts and feelings and actions, however, when he talked about the past, I had nothing.  I told Jack once, sitting in the tutoring area of our department, that I couldn't read him very easily, and that I really liked that about him. I told him that he could sit there there telling me fake stories all night, and I'd have no idea.  I can see his chuckle at that in my mind. :)  Ultimately, Jack told me a lot of lies,  all about his family and past (it makes me smile every time I think about all the slick ones he pulled passed me), but if he had just shared this one part of himself, I would have been more than eager to be all up in that.  It would have been good if I could've told him that nothing he'd done would make me like him less or scare me off.  I wish I'd had the opportunity to earn the complement he bestowed on me so many times.  I would have done a good job of it.

This is such a strange thing to think about since this was a friend of mine.  I'm not over here gasping, and thinking "How could it be?"  That isn't the problem.  It's just that this was my super weird friend who then wasn't really but then wasn't allowed to talk to me and then went and shot up a room full of people all in a few months.  For the past two days (I'm writing this 3 days post-shooting), I've watched the news go from having only his name, to adding what neighborhood he lived in, then what building, then comments from the couple down the hall, then where he lived before Pittsburgh and that he'd temporarily changed his name (not surprising, but I didn't actually know that), then where he started college, then where he ended college, then where his parents lived, then that he was a student at Duquesne, then a few more details have trickled in a bit here and there since this morning, but it seems to have come to the end of the story.  Yesterday a news reporter emailed me.  It is just strange. He gave me a stapler as a gift to cheer me up during a bad week because I like office supplies.  He wanted to travel to China. He thought about his future kids.

I’m a bit frustrated with my lack of patience with him.  We certainly butted heads a couple of times when teaching the last couple weeks that he did.  More than once those last three of weeks he was at Duquesne, I threw up my metaphorical hands, and walked away.  I try, but I’m not a fire hydrant, silently at the ready for all time.  Still, in the future, I hope I will have more tolerance and fortitude when dealing with people who try my patience.
I try to think that there was not a thing that any of us who knew him at this time could have done to help him.  Some of us tried.  We tried again.  We tried in a different way.  And, truly, he tried.  He accepted guidance and needed to be re-convinced.  He accepted more advice, but needed it to see proof.  He tried so hard to let, at least me, in (I don’t know for sure about his relationships with others).  And then that one day, it was too much, and he just stopped.  He was completely unable to accept help in a long-term way.  Even when he tried because he knew he should, he couldn't maintain that. 

What I can’t help but think is that, of course this was a possibility.  Jack was a guy with some problems.  He had no family around.  He had no real friends by the time he left Duquesne, and the only people he had any friendly connection with, he was no longer allowed to contact.  He had no job.  We took a person with problems and severed every connection he had to this world, hoping he would land on his feet, or otherwise not caring.  Expecting that if he didn't, some societal net would catch him: hospital? police?

I know it is natural to ostracize those that do not or can not conform to social norms.  I know it, but I don’t understand it.  I just don’t understand why, instead of recognizing and enjoying people as they are, others need them to fit.  Giving someone who is different a chance to get along with you as long as they behave normally, isn’t giving them a chance.  They can't.

I wish he’d shared his history, though I understand why he didn’t.  I’m hard of hearing and ADD and quite dyslexic and I keep that all on the DL as much as possible, because no one wants to hire that person.  Still, I might have had more patience and others might have been nicer.  But wishes, of course, are for children.

I've had people say that I went far above and beyond with Jack.  I don't think this is the case.  When I was young, I chose the teddy bear with the crooked stitching and only one eye, because I was afraid that no one else would love him and I knew that I could (to be fair, I also thought it made my Mum proud).  In kindergarten, I made friends and played every day with the slow girl because no one else would (to be fair, I stuck with her was partly because she let me make the bulk of the play-time decisions). In middle school, I gave up much of my free time daily to help a new student who didn't speak English through her work (to be fair, I was kind of bored and this gave me something new and exciting to do).  Overlay liberal values, Christian values, a mother who was a Special Ed teacher, and the fact that I can be a bit of an odd duck, myself, and this behavior is not unexpected.  It is not above and beyond.  It is simply what a good person, a good Christian, and someone who can look at great differences and see beauty does.  It's the broken people I love and those who experience the world differently who I enjoy.  I've never regretted looking out for any of God's children and teddy bears, and I never will.  Every human should be cared about by someone. (To be fair, Jack was also my best opportunity to totally nerd out with someone over pages of numbers to play with on a regular basis)
I feel a bit burdon-y because I know good little bits and other people don't.  I recently lost a person close to me that I loved dearly, and she was amazing and inspiring and loving and well loved and a school teacher, and there are thousands of people walking around today with little good bits of this person we all valued so highly.  In our very very short friendship, I saw little good bits of Jack.  I’m sure his parents have little good bits of him, but from the stories I’ve read, he didn’t have many good friends.  I feel like after just a few weeks being close with this guy, I’m one of the few people who miss him at all.

Many of my co-workers have said something to the effect of “It could have been us.”  Yes, I see that.  They are talking about the possibility that our department could have been the shooting victims.  Plenty of people are covering that thought for me, so I feel pretty satisfied just to gloss over it.  What I can’t help but think about in the “It could have been us” vein, is that so many people could have ended up like Jack, and still could.  He was an only child, his parents far away.  He didn’t have close friends in the area.  He had some problems that led to him losing his job, and then he was all alone.  It’s not difficult to end up all alone if you are having a rough go of it.  Alone, the jump from needing help to murderous rampage is just a lot smaller.

I’ve found myself repeating some things to people so many times that they’ve lost all meaning:
I think people just have breaking points, and that it is more of an internal limit than external.
There just is no fixing some types of broken.
I just would have wished better for him, for the people he injured and traumatized, and for the man that he killed. 

I was watching Skins series 4, and the JJ character was wearing two watches: one digital and one analog.

I have not been provided the capacity to understand why things had to be so hard for Jack, to figure out what made him cross that line, or to change what has happened.  I have been provided the capacity to feel for those hurt and dead, to learn greater patience and diligence when trying to help, and for forgiveness.

To the officer who shot and killed my friend.  If there is an afterlife- If there is a place where we can exist, free from illness and disability, and look clearly back on our time here, I have to imagine a healthy-minded man thankful that you stopped him when you did.


A gift from Jack, because I like office supplies and I'd had a bad week.

I'm not shattered by the loss in the battle to help Jack.  When you take in strays, you heart has to go out to each one, but it can't break every time you fail.  Because most of the time you fail.

There was nothing that anyone could have done.  That's not true.  There was nothing that anybody knew how to do.  Knew that they should do.  And could do.

I grieve for my friend. 

A dear friend and priest-in-training (is there a word for that?) sent this to me when I asked for prayers:

 Lord, make us instruments of your peace.
Where there is hatred, let us sow love;
where there is injury, pardon;
where there is discord, union;
where there is doubt, faith;
where there is despair, hope;
where there is darkness, light;
where there is sadness, joy.
Grant that we may not so much seek to be consoled as to console;
to be understood as to understand;
to be loved as to love.
For it is in giving that we receive;
it is in pardoning that we are pardoned;
and it is in dying that we are born to eternal life.
Amen.


Update: Jack's parents have a blog where they wrote of their experience.  It was nice to read.http://www.sv-moira.com/DeathofJohnShick.htm